Not much, the main problem is that the kids aren't getting basic education. Every kid in developed nations has access to free education and parents aren't allowed to make their kids work to feed the home instead of going to schools. In Nigeria kids often don't have access to free education, and even when they do parents often prefer having their kids work to bring home money over making them go to school.
What about kids in poverty in the US? Are you sure they're getting a good education? Are they hungry when they go to school? How hard is it to learn when you don't have good nutrition?
In addition, they get for free perfect knowledge of English, work eligibility in the US and an extensive network of friends and relatives. Something that many immigrants can only dream about.
Educations are relative. Sure the inner city US education is good compared to Nigeria, but they arent going to be competing with Nigerians for college admissions and jobs. They will be competing with other Americans who got vastly superior free educations.
No it isn't, Nigeria remains a poor country since its population doesn't get proper education. That keeps them much poorer than for example USA. Poor people in USA can be relatively rich from a global perspective since they get so good education, you couldn't keep the wealth USA currently has if the bottom 40% couldn't read like is the case in Nigeria.
There are many food programs as well as meals at schools in the US.
Before you write "food deserts", the data isn't as clear as you think it is. (The "researchers" ignored food stores.) More to the point, stores go to where folks will buy what they're selling (unless they're burned out or lose too much to shoplifting).
There are issues with poverty in the US, they just aren't very similar to the issues poor people face in Nigeria so this article doesn't say much about that issue.