> I believe you're misunderstanding the problem. The terminal doesn't "break" in the sense that it crashes or does something undefined for those cases. The terminal is doing something that is completely meaningful and well defined and probably has some realistic use cases, such as switching to a different character encoding.
I'm aware of the details, but I think sometimes that knowledge leads people to miss the forest for the trees. If the user perceives the terminal as having "broken", that's a case of poor UX design at a minimum. Given that users can readily distinguish between legitimate coloured output etc. and terminals getting into a poor state, it really shouldn't be too hard for the terminal itself to do so. (E.g. it's pretty normal for today's terminals to display some kind of visible warning (complete with resume button) when you press Ctrl-S, rather than simply silently stopping). And while this is a much fuzzier and more contentious claim, I think the Rust community's mentality (as seen in e.g. their approach to compiler errors) nudges people towards such approaches.
This is an entirely new claim - that the Terminal should try to understand what its input means. You can go ahead and try to implement this - I think you'll easily see that it's extremely hard to do so.
A terminal is basically a function foo(char_stream) = formatted_char_stream. It has no idea whatsoever what the input means, or what the output is supposed to mean. Your Ctrl-S example is completely in line with this: it's one control code that the Terminal chooses to display/interpet in a certain way (older terminals would just stop, newer terminals display some warning text and wait for user input). Recognizing that the start-red-output control sequence should not be interpreted as a control sequence if it's coming from the output of `ls` is a fundamentally different type of change.
Would it be nice to have a different concept, a CmdDisplayer that takes as input (commands, command text, control text) and outputs formatted text while understanding its input? Maybe. But it wouldn't be a terminal, and it would require a fundamental redesign of every single program that wants to meaningfully interact with it - especially all shells and any TUI program that might make the most use of such a tool.
> This is an entirely new claim - that the Terminal should try to understand what its input means.
I don't see it as a different claim. My position is that the terminal should not move into a bad state for any valid input, and that a state that the user understands as being "broken" is probably a bad state. To my mind this should not require detailed understanding of what each program is doing, which I agree is difficult, but just some more basic things like making it clearer to the user why their terminal is in a funny state (and how to undo it), or perhaps ensuring that the terminal reverts to a good state whenever a program that had changed its state exits.
Having a way to return to the default would be nice, but it wouldn't fix the base problem that a program can't simply print a file name to stdout if it thinks stdout might be connected to a terminal. Even if the terminal didn't "break", it would still not display the file name in a useful way (e.g. a user couldn't copy paste it from there).
> it wouldn't fix the base problem that a program can't simply print a file name to stdout if it thinks stdout might be connected to a terminal. Even if the terminal didn't "break", it would still not display the file name in a useful way (e.g. a user couldn't copy paste it from there).
Well, I'm all for having something like a "raw copy" function in the terminal, but if a filename contains characters that can't reasonably be copy-pasted then there's not really anything that can be done about that (other than "don't give your files silly names"). I think having the terminal get into a bad state is a far worse problem; weird/corrupted filenames are something that happens and people generally figure out a way to deal with them.
I'm aware of the details, but I think sometimes that knowledge leads people to miss the forest for the trees. If the user perceives the terminal as having "broken", that's a case of poor UX design at a minimum. Given that users can readily distinguish between legitimate coloured output etc. and terminals getting into a poor state, it really shouldn't be too hard for the terminal itself to do so. (E.g. it's pretty normal for today's terminals to display some kind of visible warning (complete with resume button) when you press Ctrl-S, rather than simply silently stopping). And while this is a much fuzzier and more contentious claim, I think the Rust community's mentality (as seen in e.g. their approach to compiler errors) nudges people towards such approaches.