Apologies if I came across snarky, not my intention.
It's definitely not true that this feature breaks support for devices not owned by the manufacturer. The follow on question about whether all possible web clients / operating systems would be supported, I don't know. The article just says that web is supported.
This isn't “we haven't tested your browser, if it breaks, that's on you”, this is “we don't specifically Trust™ the environment you're running your browser in, therefore fuck you.”
“Web is supported” in this instance just means “the web, but only when mediated by google, microsoft or apple”, which is not the web as far as I'm concerned.
Of course it's going to break. Remember when they built an actual Teams client for Linux? Remember how much Microsoft <3 Linux? Yeah, you're fucked buddy.