There's still some remnant of this aristocratic private army in Britain today, called the Atholl Highlanders. I think it's crazy that this still exists in a Western country to this day.
in the USA there were intentional efforts to break tribal and social class, yet evolve somehow with financial power as the scoreboard. The Pinkerton security company played a role. note: a Scotsman founded it, apparently.. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinkerton_(detective_agency)
Anyone can hire security guards, and if they have the appropriate licenses for those bolt action rifles I don't see anything wrong with that. Calling it a "private army" is way overblown, this is more a rich person cosplaying as a Scottish Lord from the olden days.
Very interesting to read about their recurring problems caused by too-powerful aristocrats or ill-behaved iuvenes...and to consider the parallels to current-day social problems.
It's not obvious to me either, but the patrocinium really reminded me of Don Corleone in The Godfather. Consider how the opening scene between Bonasera and Corleone is basically an infodump on the difference between state (the police) and non-state (the godfather) provision of violence.
Yeah, this is how institutions like the Sicilian mafia work. It’s framed as “organized crime” because we live in a state-oriented society where the state is actively trying to supplant the non-state system and assert its monopoly on the legitimate use of force.
Of course, these institutions also change and adapt to competition with the state—for instance, when the state tries to break up the mafia using the literal prisoners dilemma, the mafia needs to invent and enforce the institution of “snitches get stitches”. More troubling is when pre-state mechanisms of dispute resolution can be end-run by disputants trying to enlist the state on their side. For instance, the notorious Hatfield/McCoy feud was exacerbated by various prominent members of one clan or the other getting themselves elected sheriff and abusing their power against the rival clan.
they're using game theoretic payouts, but it's not the literal "prisoner's dilemma" which has it in each prisoner's interest to rat no matter what the other prisoner does, and yet it's still net advantageous for neither to rat.
I think there are some situations where you can achieve that payout in real life, but admittedly by “literal prisoners dilemma” I was referring more to the fact that the mafiosi are literally held prisoner and induced to snitch on each other. And that introducing an extra negative payout for snitching is both the literal and the game-theoretic solution to the dilemma.
Did I miss anything besides the pedantic discussion around the term "state", was the answer to the question of how to raise armies simply "excess youths"?
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atholl_Highlanders