I agree and it's not only tech, but other areas as well. It's not easy. Whereas before in many cases hiring mgrs would settle for the top of middling candidates, right now because they have so many good quality candidates to choose from, they are being choosey. I know experienced people who previously would be getting recruited now have to search much longer and also settle for lesser jobs.
"Wouldn't this mean that capital is flowing in..."
Not really. If the price of shares in your company goes up it doesn't mean you have more cash in your pocket. You would need to sell shares or issue additional shares to have more cash to pay people with. There's other ways an increased price could be beneficial of course.
Good question. My theory is that companies overhired during the pandemic and are now correcting.
AI is another wildcard. It remains to be seen exactly how much it will reduce the demand for developers but it seems very likely to at a minimum cut into the entry level job market.
Not necessarily. Layoffs mean higher profit margins and that often leads to an increase in stock price as it means higher potential payout for shareholders.