Personally I find Rust to be a much higher level language than Go, though I understand this is a bit of a weird case since it also involves manual memory management to some degree.
In terms of “feeling”, Go feels like a polished form of C to me. Rust doesn’t feel like C++ to me — it actually feels much more like OCaml and even Haskell. Though Haskel no doubt has a more sophisticated type system, I still find that a shocking number of design practices that I used in Haskell port naturally to Rust.
The original Rust compiler was written in OCaml, and OCaml was one of the chief design inspirations for the language. The similarities between Rust and ML-like languages is no coincidence.
In terms of “feeling”, Go feels like a polished form of C to me. Rust doesn’t feel like C++ to me — it actually feels much more like OCaml and even Haskell. Though Haskel no doubt has a more sophisticated type system, I still find that a shocking number of design practices that I used in Haskell port naturally to Rust.