That's not facebook data, that's DNC/Obama data, accumulated over time by other canvassers including your friend. They've done that since before Facebook even existed.
Facebook's product is not selling that data, it's selling ads using the data. You can only sell the data once, you can sell the ads forever.
Well, yes & no: Facebook doesn't sell the data itself, but they do give it away when a user agrees when using an app or service mediated by Facebook. That seems to be what happened here: Users took a personality survey, and their data along with the data of their friends made its way to CA.
The "data" that you could get was just like what people listed in their profile page under "Interests" and things like that though. Which maybe tells you something, but not quite like home address and a list of political preferences
Facebook's product is not selling that data, it's selling ads using the data. You can only sell the data once, you can sell the ads forever.