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Is it an advantage though ? One of the main objections in the article is exactly that.

There's no atmosphere that helps with heat loss through convection, there's nowhere to shed heat through conduction, all you have is radiation. It is a serious engineering challenge for spacecrafts to getting rid of the little heat they generate, and avoid being overheated by the sun.


I think it is an advantage, the question is just how big, and assume we look only at ongoing operation cost.

- Earth temperatures are variable, and radiation only works at night

- The required radiator area is much smaller for the space installation

- The engineering is simple: CPU -> cooler -> liquid -> pipe -> radiator. We're assuming no constraint on capex so we can omit heat pumps


Radiators on earth mainly do it to air, there's no air in space.


A typical CPU heatsink dissipates 10-30% of heat through radiation, and the rest through convection. In space you're in a vacuum so you can't disipated heat through convection.

You need to rework your physical equipment quite substantially to make up for the fact you can't shed 70-90% of the heat in the same manner as you can down here on Earth


They are doing _something_ according to https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/european-c... . It'd be good for someone with more knowledge to summarise what this act means though.


This is so grim. What a stark difference to Japan. On one side there is a government setting up a new company, with the aim of competing at the highest end of the most complex technological process in existence. Meanwhile the EU is setting up bureaucrat managed funds to keep the remaining companies, currently suffering from the decline of the German auto industry, alive. Oh and they also paid TSMC to set up a factory, how pathetic.


> Meanwhile the EU

What do you think the EU is? It's not a country, not a federative union. These things need a lot of discussions and synchronization among member countries, it does not work otherwise, so it takes time. I also hold the opinion that time is a resource the EU does not have, so it badly needs to reform itself - its framework no longer works for this "new age".


the #1 problem with the EU's administrative structure is that its power comes from below, i.e. from the member states. Any of them could pull a Brexit and the entire union could be in jeopardy.

The #2 problem is language. Despite what many on HN think, European borders very much exist. They exist via language and bureaucracy.

These two combine to create many problems the EU and Europe in general has. The lack of vision, the excruciatingly slow bureaucracy, both are symptoms of the same underlying problems.


The EU can't really do anything. The EU is a loose confederation of countries that delegate responsibilities to this united body.

Japan is a single country with a single government that can unilaterally decide what it wants to do.


But single countries in Europe can do something. If they choose to.


Most of them have 0 IT tradition. Even the big ones.


> Norwegians self identify as socialist for example

Er.. that's not even remotely true


Last time I spent a month in Norway I repeatedly had various residents explain to me that various things were the way they were "because we are a socialist country".

If they call themselves "socialist" then I will too.


Well, there is a difference between "this is a socialist country" and "I am a socialist".

Granted though, that under a functioning democracy, there will be overlap: if the country is x then most likely at least a plurality of voters support x. It doesn't mean that "all citizens support x" or "any specific citizen supports x and self identifies themself an x-ist".


> Well, there is a difference between "this is a socialist country" and "I am a socialist".

To be clear, the former is what I was repeatedly told. Nobody personally self-identified themselves as a socialist to me, they described their country as socialist.


No, it's for every batch.


Mostly out of curiosity, a read on a TCP connection could easily block for a month - how does the I/O timeout interface look like ? e.g. if you want to send an application level heartbeat when a read has blocked for 30 seconds.


This is very true. Most examples of async io I've seen - regardless of the framework - gloss over timeouts and cancellation. It's really the hardest part. Reading and writing asynchronously from a socket, or whatever, is the straightforward part.


You can set read and write timeouts on TCP sockets:

https://linux.die.net/man/3/setsockopt

Zig has a posix API layer.


I don't have a good answer for that yet, mostly because TCP reads are expected to be done through std.Io.Reader which isn't aware of timeouts.

What I envision is something like `asyncio.timeout` in Python, where you start a timeout and let the code run as usual. If it's in I/O sleep when the timeout fires, it will get woken up and the operation gets canceled.

I see something like this:

    var timeout: zio.Timeout = .init;
    defer timeout.cancel(rt);

    timeout.set(rt, 10);
    const n = try reader.interface.readVec(&data);


Are you working using Zig master with the new Io interface passed around, by the way?


No, I'm targeting Zig 0.15. The new Io interface is not in master yet, it's still evolving. When it's merged to master and stable, I'll start implementing the vtable. But I'm just passing Runtime around, instead of Io. So you can easily migrate code from zio to std when it's released.


Iceland does have a lot of gnats, midges, flies etc. that are just as big a nusance.


Yes, seems so - but they shut down a lot more terminals too, not just the seized ones.

And it seems the biggest reason for them shutting down the terminals was pressure from US Senator Maggie Hassan to shut down scam centers, not the government in Myanmar.


I thought one of the big points was there's no M. structor females on the islands.


They've extended their range, so there's lots of cases where they don't have wild ones around, but there's still overlap, at least according to the article I read.


Yes, in some areas - but not e.g. on Sicily. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z-O4_AwWpfI gives perhaps a better overview

M. Ibericus produces 4 kinds of offsprings.

    1. M. Ibericus queen + no male (unfertilized egg) -> M. Ibericus male.
    2. M. Ibericus queen + M. Ibericus male -> M. Ibericus queen
    3. M. Ibericus queen + M. Structor male -> M. Structor male, no genes from the mother
    4. M. Ibericus queen + M. Structor male -> M. Structor/Ibericus hybrid female, (worker ant, infertile)


They tip over from inertia or a small wind gust.


Do the list go on ? For gas Q2 2025, figure 5 at https://www.bruegel.org/dataset/european-natural-gas-imports it's

    UK          5,6%
    Azerbadjan  3,8%
    Algeria    12,5%
    Norway     30,1%
    Other LNG   9,4%
    USA LNG    27,2%
    Russia     11,5%
Most of the "Other LNG" comes from Turkstream in the underlying data. Edit: I was wrong, Turkstream is included in "Russia", other sources points to Qatar and Nigeria being the largest part of "Other LNG"

If I read it right, for oil in Q1 2025, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php...

    United States    15,0%
    Norway           13,5%
    Kazakhstan       12,7%
    Libya             9,0%
    Saudi Arabia      6,6%
    Nigeria           6,3%
    United Kingdom    5,2%
    Iraq              4,5%
    Guyana            4,3%
    Brazil            4,1%
    Azerbaijan        4,1%
    Algeria           3,4%
    Russia            2,5%
    Mexico            2,1%
    Other             6,6%


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